Obesity attenuates the beneficial effect of an intrauterine infusion of autologous platelet-rich plasma during in vitro fertilization.

OBJECTIVE: To assess how obesity, normal weight (NW) versus overweight/obese (OW/OB), impacts platelet-rich plasma's (PRP) effectiveness during in vitro fertilization and how obesity affects platelets during the menstrual cycle. METHODS: Endometrial mean thickness (EMT), embryo implantation, and clinical pregnancy were assessed using a self-controlled retrospective study that enrolled 59 patients with two failed cycles and treated with autologous PRP (three-dose scheme). The NHANES dataset was used to assess platelet changes during the menstrual cycle, using the mean platelet volume to platelet count ratio (MPR) index. The COSINOR packages for R were used to determine rhythmicity. RESULTS: PRP treatments significantly improved the EMT (2.5 ± 1.4 mm, P<0.001), unaffected by obesity. After the PRP treatment, one patient spontaneously became pregnant; therefore, 58 patients underwent embryo transfer (62 cycles), of which in 39 cycles the embryos implanted (63.9%). This was a significant improvement from their previous cycle (vs. 22.6%, P<0.001). Clinical pregnancy also improved with the PRP treatment over the previous cycle (57.4% vs. 16.1%, P<0.001). When stratified by obesity, there was an appreciable decrease in embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates for the OW/OB group; nevertheless, the PRP treatment significantly improved embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy (P<0.05). A rhythm was observed with the MPR index (P<0.05) only for the NW group, suggesting that the platelets normally fluctuate during the menstrual cycle. CONCLUSION: PRP improved embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rates; however, these beneficial effects were attenuated by obesity. PRP presumptively promoted a change in the uterine environment to mimic the normal findings associated with normal-weight women.

Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura de carnicerías y prevalencia de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga y Salmonella spp. aisladas en carne molida de carnicerías de Asunción, Paraguay

La inocuidad de la carne comercializada debe estar garantizada en la cadena de producción, para evitar enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos (ETA). Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC) y Salmonella spp. pueden encontrarse en el tracto gastrointestinal de los bovinos y contaminar la carne de consumo humano, pudiendo causar enfermedades en el hombre. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar las condiciones higiénico-sanitarias de 52 carnicerías localizadas en Asunción y detectar la frecuencia de STEC y Salmonella spp. en muestras de carne molida. Las condiciones higiénico-sanitarias se evaluaron mediante la estimación del riesgo, utilizando una escala de clasificación por categorías. La detección de STEC y Salmonella spp. se realizó por PCR en tiempo real. En la evaluación inicial, se clasificaron a 33% de las carnicerías como de alto y moderado riesgo. Se detectó STEC no-O157 en un 50% (130/258) de las muestras y Salmonella spp. en un 11% (29/258). Se realizaron acciones de mejora. En la etapa post-intervención, no se detectaron carnicerías de alto riesgo. En el muestreo de seguimiento se detectó un 29% (66/237) de muestras positivas para STEC no-O157 y 7% (16 /237) para Salmonella spp. Este estudio permitió realizar recomendaciones específicas y detalladas a cada carnicería, lo que tuvo un efecto significativo en la mejora de sus condiciones. Esta situación resalta la importancia de continuar fortaleciendo la vigilancia multisectorial y multidisciplinaria. Es imperativo que los establecimientos que se dedican al rubro, implementen las Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura (BPM) como una medida para reducir los riesgos asociados.

The safety of marketed meat must be guaranteed in the production chain, to avoid foodborne illness. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella spp. can be found in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle and contaminate meat for human consumption, potentially causing diseases in humans. This work aimed to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary conditions of 52 butcher shops located in Asunción and detect the frequency of STEC and Salmonella spp. in ground beef samples. Hygienic-sanitary conditions were evaluated by estimating risk, using a categorical classification scale. The detection of STEC and Salmonella spp. was performed by real-time PCR. In the initial evaluation, 33% of the butcher shops were classified as high and moderate risk. STEC non-O157 was detected in 50% (130/258) of the samples and Salmonella spp. in 11% (29/258). Improvement actions were carried out. In the post-intervention stage, no high-risk butcher shops were detected. In the follow-up sampling, 29% (66/237) of positive samples were detected for STEC non-O157 and 7% (16/237) for Salmonella spp. This study allowed specific and detailed recommendations to be made to each butcher shop, which had a significant effect on improving their conditions. This situation highlights the importance of continuing to strengthen multisectoral and multidisciplinary surveillance. It is imperative that establishments dedicated to the sector implement Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) as a measure to reduce associated risks.

Sleep timing, chronotype, and posttraumatic stress disorder: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

Sleep disturbance is a major component of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The role of circadian disruption is largely overlooked, though many PTSD studies collect proxy markers of circadian timing. This individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis examined the correlation between sleep timing / chronotype and PTSD severity among individuals diagnosed with PTSD, the standardized mean difference in sleep timing / chronotype for individuals with and without PTSD, and moderators of these relationships. A systematic search was conducted; authors provided IPD for 27 studies and aggregate data for 16 studies (3,011 participants with PTSD; 2,703 participants without PTSD). Two-step meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects multivariate approach with robust variance estimation. Bedtime and wake time were not significantly associated with PTSD symptoms or diagnosis. Less total sleep time / time in bed was weakly associated with greater PTSD symptoms. Moderator analyses revealed that effect sizes were stronger in certain populations and when using wrist actigraphy to measure sleep timing; however, gap maps revealed few studies in moderator categories with the strongest effects. Only two studies measured chronotype, prohibiting strong conclusions. Our findings indicate that the relationship between sleep timing and PTSD is weak; however, key gaps in the literature warrant further study.

Mecanismos plasmídicos de resistencia a quinolonas, betalactámicos y colistina en Salmonella enterica. Paraguay 2020-2021

Las bacterias son capaces de desarrollar mecanismos de resistencia a los antimicrobianos, aquellos adquiridos y transmisibles son los más significativos debido al potencial de diseminación. La aparición de Salmonella enterica con resistencia a C3aG, quinolonas y a colistina representa una amenaza progresiva. El objetivo fue determinar la resistencia a los antimicrobianos y la presencia de los mecanismos de resistencia plasmídicos a quinolonas, ß-lactámicos y colistina en aislados de Salmonella provenientes de la vigilancia integrada de enteropatógenos. Fueron estudiadas 501 cepas de Salmonella spp. colectadas entre los años 2020 y 2021, por la red de enteropatógenos del Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública. Se investigó la resistencia a las C3aG, quinolonas y colistina, en aislamientos de humanos, alimentos, animales de consumo y ambiente. Las cepas estudiadas exhibieron resistencia a tetraciclina (32,5%), ácido nalidíxico (29%), ampicilina (13,2%), nitrofurantoína (11,6%), C3aG (7,2%), cotrimoxazol (5,8%), ciprofloxacina (2,2%). El 18% (90/501) presentaron resistencia trasferible por plásmidos, fueron detectados 111 genes (71 cepas con un gen, 17 cepas dos genes y 2 cepas tres genes diferentes). Qnr B: 41,1% (37/90), mcr-1: 38,9% (35/90), CMY: 23,3% (21/90), CTX-M: 16,7% (15/90) y Qnr S: 3,3% (3/90). Heidelberg fue el serovar predominante en muestras de pollo y el mayor portador de genes de resistencia de tipo CMY y mcr-1. La detección de genes en alimentos y animales de consumo, que pueden transmitirse fácilmente al ser humano es motivo de alerta y resalta la importancia de continuar fortaleciendo la vigilancia multisectorial y multidisciplinaria.

Bacteria can develop antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, those acquired and transmissible being the most significant due to the potential for dissemination. The emergence of Salmonella enterica with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, and colistin represents a progressive threat. The objective was to determine antimicrobial resistance and the presence of plasmid resistance mechanisms to quinolones, ß-lactams, and colistin in Salmonella isolates from integrated surveillance of enteropathogens. Five hundred and one strains of Salmonella spp. collected between 2020 and 2021 were studied by the enteropathogen network of the Laboratorio Central de Salud Publica (Central Public Health Laboratory). Research was conducted on the resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, and colistin, isolated from humans, foodstuffs, animals for consumption, and the environment. The strains studied exhibited resistance to tetracycline (32.5%), nalidixic acid (29%), ampicillin (13.2%), nitrofurantoin (11.6%), third-generation cephalosporins (7.2%), cotrimoxazole (5.8%), and ciprofloxacin (2.2%). Eighteen percent (90/501) presented plasmid-transferable resistance, 111 genes were detected (71 strains with one gene, 17 strains with two genes, and 2 strains with three different genes). Qnr B: 41.1% (37/90), mcr-1: 38.9% (35/90), CMY: 23.3% (21/90), CTX-M: 16.7% (15/90), and Qnr S: 3.3% (3/90). Heidelberg was the predominant serovar in chicken samples and the largest carrier of CMY and mcr-1 resistance genes. The detection of genes in foodstuffs and animals for consumption, which can be easily transmitted to humans, is a cause for alarm and highlights the importance of continuing to strengthen multisectoral and multidisciplinary surveillance.

Anatomy of the visceral cavity of Eugerresmexicanus (Teleostei: Gerreidae)

Introduction. The visceral cavity of teleostean fishes contains the kidneys, digestive tube and annexed glands, gas bladder, gonads, and spleen. Objective: To analyze and describe the anatomic relationships of the organs of the visceral cavity of the Mexican mojarra, Eugerres mexicanus. Methods: By means of dissections, we analyzed, described and illustrated the splanchnology of the visceral cavity of 10 adult specimens from the State of Chiapas, Mexico. Results: The visceral cavity is delimited by the precaudal vertebrae, the scapular and pelvic girdles, the pleural ribs, the first anal pterygiophore and several myotomes. Both kidneys, with extraperitoneal character are partially fused to each other, and contact the neurocranium, the precaudal vertebrae, and the gas bladder. The digestive tube does not present a stomach nor pyloric caeca, and it is 1.3 the standard length of the fish. The liver has two short right lobes. Both ovaries and testes are wide and reach the liver. The spleen is ovoid and is located on the left side of the duodenum. The gas bladder has two anterior lobes, its posterior end is in direct contact with the floor of the visceral cavity, and contain the urinary bladder. Discussion: The organization of the organs in the visceral cavity is in the anatomical pattern of the teleostean fishes, however, the organ that shows the highest number of special characters is the gas bladder, which as in other species of Eugerres is large and shows two notable anterior lobes, reinforced by epipleural ribs. Compared with other species of Eugerres, the Mexican mojarra shows, as exclusive characters: a) the union of the posterior end of the gas bladder with the floor of the visceral cavity, and, b) the location of the urinary bladder within the gas bladder.

Introducción: La cavidad visceral de los peces teleósteos contiene a los riñones, el tubo digestivo con sus glándulas anexas, la vejiga gaseosa, las gónadas y el bazo. Objetivo: Analizar y describir las relaciones topográficas de los órganos de la cavidad visceral de la "mojarra mexicana" Eugerres mexicanus. Metodología: Mediante disecciones se analizó y describió la esplacnología de la cavidad visceral de 10 ejemplares adultos recolectados en el estado de Chiapas, México. Resultados: La cavidad visceral, está delimitada por las vértebras precaudales, las cinturas, las costillas pleurales, el primer pterigióforo anal y varios miotomos. Los riñones, los cuales son extraperitoneales, están parcialmente fusionados entre sí. El sistema digestivo carece de estómago y ciegos pilóricos y su longitud corresponde a 1.3 de la longitud patrón. El hígado tiene dos lóbulos derechos. Las gónadas maduras son amplias. La vejiga gaseosa desarrolla dos lóbulos anteriores y su extremo posterior se une al piso de la cavidad visceral, e incluye a la vejiga urinaria. Discusión: La organización de la cavidad visceral y sus órganos corresponde al patrón morfológico de los peces teleósteos, siendo la vejiga gaseosa el órgano que muestra el mayor número de caracteres especiales, como los lóbulos anteriores, la unión de su extremo inferior al piso de la cavidad visceral y la ubicación de la vejiga urinaria en su interior. Estos dos últimos caracteres la distinguen de otras especies del género Eugerres.

Draft Genome Sequence of Paenibacillus polymyxa 3A-25AI, a Strain Antagonist to Root Rot Causal Phytopathogens.

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the Paenibacillus polymyxa 3A-25AI strain, isolated from the rhizosphere of wild grass. This strain inhibits Phytophthora capsici and Rhizoctonia solani phytopathogens. The genome size is 5.6 Mb, with a G+C content of 45.59%, and contains 5,079 genes, 4,968 coding DNA sequences (CDSs), 35 tRNAs, 3 rRNAs, and 72 unexpected miscellaneous RNA (miscRNA) features.

Apoptotic, necrotic, and antiproliferative activity of diosgenin and diosgenin glycosides on cervical cancer cells.

(25R)-spirost-5-en-3ß-ol, also known as diosgenin (DSG), exerts antiproliferative activity on diverse cell lines, induces apoptosis, and acts as a chemopreventative agent. However, the relationship between DSG glycosides and apoptotic, necrotic, and antiproliferative activity remains unclear. It is in this regard that we report the antiproliferative, necrotic, and apoptotic activities of DSG and its glycoside derivatives: (25R)-spirost-5-en-3ß-yl O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (3GD), (25R)-spirost-5-en-3ß-yl O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-glucopyranoside (3GRD); and (25R)-spirost-5-en-3ß-yl O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 2)-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 â†’ 4)]-ß-D-glucopyranoside), also known as dioscin (DSC), in in vitro assays of cervical HeLa and CaSki cancer cells. The results demonstrated that DSG glycosidic derivatives preserved their antiproliferative activity. However, in both cancer cell lines, 3GD and 3GRD were less potent than DSG, while DSC was more potent than DSG. With respect to necrotic activity, all tested compounds showed no or low activity on the two cervical cancer cell lines. Regarding apoptosis, the results showed that DSG glycosides were better apoptosis-inducers than DSG, suggesting that glucose and rhamnose residues play a central role in enhancing the apoptotic activity of DSG. Finally, DSG and its glycosidic derivatives were shown to affect the proliferative potential of lymphocytes (non-tumour cells) to a lesser extent than cancer cells, suggesting that these compounds have selective action. In conclusion, the results indicate that DSG and its glycosidic derivatives are promising anticancer compounds since they are compounds with low necrotic activity and selective action.

Possible activation of the NO-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G-K+ channels pathway by gabapentin on the formalin test.

The effect of modulators of the nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G-K+ channels pathway on the local peripheral antinociceptive action induced by gabapentin was assessed in the rat 1% formalin test. Local peripheral administration of gabapentin produced a dose-dependent antinociception in the second phase of the test. Gabapentin-induced antinociception was due to a local action as its administration in the contralateral paw was ineffective. Local peripheral pretreatment of the paws with NG-L-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor), 1H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazolo(4,2-a)quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, a soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) and KT-5823 (a protein kinase G inhibitor) dose-dependently reduced gabapentin-induced antinociception. Likewise, glibenclamide or tolbutamide (ATP-sensitive K+ channel inhibitors), 4-aminopyridine or tetraethylammonium (non-selective inward rectifier K+ channel inhibitors) or charybdotoxin (large-conductance Ca2+-activated-K+ channel blocker), but not apamin (small-conductance Ca2+-activated-K+ channel blocker) or naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist), reduced the antinociception induced by gabapentin. Our data suggest that gabapentin could activate the nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G-K+ channels pathway in order to produce its peripheral antinociceptive effect in the rat 1% formalin test.

Musicoterapia. Una modalidad terpéutica para el estrés laboral / Music therapy. A therapeutic modality for occupational stress

Se realiza una breve exposición acerca de la relación entre estrés y enfermedad. Se analiza la importancia del medio laboral como generador de situaciones de estrés y la importancia de los factores mediadores de la respuesta del hombre ante tales situaciones. Se destaca la función del trabajo como elemento para la realización del ser humano y la necesidad de dortar al trabajador de los recursos apropiados para enfrentar el estrés. Se plantea el objetivo esencial de los servicos médicos brindados al trabajador de la Industria Básica concebidos de manera integral y que incluyen la evaluación y tratamiento psicológicos. Un recurso terapéutico escogido por el Profilactorio Nacional Obrero del Ministerio de la Industria Básica lo constituye la musicoterapia. Se definen los principios, indicaciones y nuestra experiencia en la aplicación de esta técnica aplicada a los obreros atendidos en nuestro centro

Musicoterapia. Una modalidad terpéutica para el estrés laboral / Music therapy. A therapeutic modality for occupational stress

Se realiza una breve exposición acerca de la relación entre estrés y enfermedad. Se analiza la importancia del medio laboral como generador de situaciones de estrés y la importancia de los factores mediadores de la respuesta del hombre ante tales situaciones. Se destaca la función del trabajo como elemento para la realización del ser humano y la necesidad de dortar al trabajador de los recursos apropiados para enfrentar el estrés. Se plantea el objetivo esencial de los servicos médicos brindados al trabajador de la Industria Básica concebidos de manera integral y que incluyen la evaluación y tratamiento psicológicos. Un recurso terapéutico escogido por el Profilactorio Nacional Obrero del Ministerio de la Industria Básica lo constituye la musicoterapia. Se definen los principios, indicaciones y nuestra experiencia en la aplicación de esta técnica aplicada a los obreros atendidos en nuestro centro(AU)